https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/issue/feed 2025-07-16T09:27:17+02:00 Études romanes de Brno erb@phil.muni.cz Open Journal Systems https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41410 2025-07-16T09:27:08+02:00 Carlos Nogueira email@journals.phil.muni.cz 2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41411 2025-07-16T09:27:08+02:00 Sara Grünhagen email@journals.phil.muni.cz

José Saramago wrote about his amazement while reading Gabriel García Márquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude, and there is an important dialogue between this book and Raised from the Ground. Even though the two novels contrast in their denouements, they are similar from the point of view of theme and narrative strategy. Taking into account other studies on these novels and emphasizing their re-enactment of tragic historical episodes, this paper intends to resume and analyze some of the main aspects of the dialogue between Saramago and García Márquez, in order to show that it is not restricted to the Colombian writer's most famous novel nor to the so-called magic realism. The primary focus will therefore be a comparative analysis of the career path and revolutionary nature of the work of two authors with various affinities, who saw themselves as peers and who expressed their mutual admiration for each other's creations.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41412 2025-07-16T09:27:08+02:00 Miguel Koleff email@journals.phil.muni.cz

This article focuses on the editorial notes written by José Saramago in the Diário de Notícias, of Lisbon, as Deputy Director, that is, from April to November 1975. And it reviews the 95 chronicles published in that medium with the purpose of ascribing to the leadership of Commander Vasco Gonçalves as Prime Minister of the MFA, to give a particular slant to the newspaper's imprint, the socialist orientation that moved the revolution's ammeter; and to defend fiercely the Constituent Convention whose elections had been called for in the month of April. On the other hand, the work also focuses on the variables that prevented the absolute realization of these objectives and the way in which the historical progression triggered the crisis of November 25, 1975, which put an end to the work of the Portuguese author in that media and expelled him from journalism.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41413 2025-07-16T09:27:09+02:00 Sílvia Amorim email@journals.phil.muni.cz

The short story 'Cadeira', published in the collection Objecto Quase [The Lives of Things] (1978), is part of a series of texts which, as well as illustrating the post-25 April break in José Saramago's career, evoke the challenges of the transition from dictatorship to democracy, drawing attention to this key moment in the country's history. The collapse of Salazar's dictatorship is evoked through unconventional narrative and stylistic strategies, allowing us to measure the impact of the Revolution on the work and to observe the revolution taking place in the writing itself. One of the most significant aspects of the subversion introduced by the text lies in the relearning of a critical, subversive and lucid vision as a bastion against the reduction of the human being to a mere object.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41414 2025-07-16T09:27:10+02:00 Horácio Ruivo email@journals.phil.muni.cz

Always involved with the major issues of his time, Saramago offers us, in his political chronicles, a broad vision of the events that shaped Portuguese and European reality in two sequential but distinct moments: from 1968 until the Revolution of 25 April 1974 and in the revolutionary period after the Revolution until 1975. The political chronicles of the period preceding the Revolution reveal life under the dictatorship of Marcello Caetano, a phase in which the dictator sought to create the image of greater openness to individual freedoms, yet censorship continued to exert a controlling force. The political chronicles of the turbulent period that followed the Revolution initially present an optimism about the overthrow of the fascist government. Also, the hope for the creation of a socialist government, but end in a certain dystopia, when the author sees the revolutionary ideals in crisis.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41415 2025-07-16T09:27:10+02:00 Alma Delia Miranda Aguilar email@journals.phil.muni.cz

Regarding A Noite, José Saramago's first play, criticism has focused on conceptual aspects, particularly its themes and their recurrence alongside the author's works. Nevertheless, little has been written about theoretical approaches centered on the formal aspects of the play. The Carnation Revolution's 50th anniversary presents a good opportunity to approach the author's first work as one that portrays tensions over the mastery of words during Portugal's final years of the dictatorship. Thus, I will focus on the author's speech visible in stage directions as explicit (annotations) and implicit (stage notes) elements that will come to life through performance. The theoretical framework for what was previously stated is Semiología de la obra dramática (Semiology of the Play) by María del Carmen Bobes Naves.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41416 2025-07-16T09:27:11+02:00 Vera Lopes email@journals.phil.muni.cz

The work of Portuguese author José Saramago highlights a revolutionary authorial voice. This article aims to reflect on this profile through the analysis of his literary and non-literary production. The study compares these two areas in order to outline the revolutionary action that is intrinsically and dialectically manifested in both. It also describes discursive procedures that reveal the communion between the man and his work, which are shaped by the anti-capitalist political commitment that Saramago assumes as a man inseparable from the writer. The conclusion presents Saramago's writing as a revolutionary praxis. In order to conduct this investigation, we took Antonio Gramsci's concept of revolutionary as a starting point; we based our reflections on the theory of discourse types, especially Mikhail Bakhtin's concept of polemic; and we guided our reading by the thoughts of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels on capitalism.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41417 2025-07-16T09:27:11+02:00 Daniel Vecchio Alves email@journals.phil.muni.cz

Identifying the genetic bases in the characterization of the settings and characters in José Saramago's play The Night is a path that would effectively add to the almost non-existent studies on this play that focus on the fictional transposition of the experiences and many accounts of journalists who lived through the tension of April 25, 1974 within newspaper offices. However, we will see in this article that, despite the high degree of use of biographical and journalistic material in the making of this 1979 drama, which is sensitive to various structures of mimesis, Saramago points to a dramaturgical project that is not fully mimetic-realistic, especially as it promotes literary connections based on his own experiences, as well as those of other journalists who lived through the ideological clashes that took place in the fictitious newspaper offices represented in the play.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41418 2025-07-16T09:27:12+02:00 Marilda Beijo Fróes email@journals.phil.muni.cz Daniel Vecchio Alves email@journals.phil.muni.cz

In this study, we conducted a literary analysis of José Saramago's Manual de Pintura e Caligrafia (1977), focusing on the narrative's setting during the historical period leading up to the Carnation Revolution on April 25, 1974, a revolutionary movement led by the military and supported by the population. In this context, a parallel is drawn between the transition from dictatorship to democracy and the shift from painting to calligraphy in the craft of the protagonist, H. This parallel highlights how his personal and aesthetical transformation unfolds alongside the country's liberation, marking the beginning of a new sociocultural and political era in Portugal. Thus, we conclude that the revolutionary moment depicted in the novel is not merely a distant historical event but is deeply intertwined with the internal development of the character H., aligning with the climax of his quest for freedom and artistic authenticity.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41419 2025-07-16T09:27:12+02:00 Maria Nicolau Bennàsar email@journals.phil.muni.cz Elga Cremades Cortiella email@journals.phil.muni.cz

This paper examines the vitality of past participle agreement (PPA) in the Catalan spoken in Mallorca, specifically in Felanitx and Manacor. Through grammaticality judgments and induction tests, it analyzes the presence of PPA in interrogative and relative clauses, as well as clauses with a focalized direct object — i.e. with a preverbal direct object without a pronominal clitic. The data suggest that younger speakers use PPA less frequently than older speakers, indicating that it is in a process of decline. Similarly, the place of residence appears to influence the maintenance of PPA, although it is not a determining factor (nor are gender or sentence type). Although preliminary, the study provides current data on the use of PPA and highlights the need for further research to better understand the evolution of this phenomenon in Mallorcan Catalan.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41420 2025-07-16T09:27:13+02:00 María Teresa Cáceres Lorenzo email@journals.phil.muni.cz

Studies on indigenous borrowing in the current Pan-Hispanic vocabulary lack general research that identifies which words are the antecedents of the current ones, and what was their differentiated diffusion of appearance in the documents of the 16th and 17th centuries. In this study, with a preferably quantitative methodology, 276 nahuatlisms with different degrees of frequency are identified through a selection of 40 chronistic works from the golden centuries. These publications belong to different geographical areas. The results of their documentary expurgation present a panoramic systematic review of the use of these voices. Aztec voices are more novel during the 500s, but their diffusion is continuous in both centuries, and not only in the chronicles of the Mesoamerican areas.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41421 2025-07-16T09:27:14+02:00 Elizabet Fernández Lam-Sen email@journals.phil.muni.cz

At this point, the influence that flamenco art and, therefore, Andalusian folklore had on the work of Antonio Machado is well known. The poet, who had known how to recognize the permanent universality of the human background of flamenco, formed a kind of neopopularism of his own motivated by aspiration of composing poetry related to a "deep palpitation of the spirit". Without losing sight of all the previous bibliographical wealth, the following article will attempt to analyse the causes that motivated him to assimilate this influence and the forms it subsequently acquired. It proposes an interpretation of his poetic trajectory which, beyond being a final reading, argues that his distinguished existential depth was reinforced by his understanding of the Jondo art.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41422 2025-07-16T09:27:14+02:00 Rafael Fernández Mata email@journals.phil.muni.cz

This article analyzes the history of three concepts pertaining to paper folding: pajaritas de papel, origami and papiroflexia. We will use all the information available both in different lexicographic works and the first textual documentations in the Spanish corpora and the Hemeroteca digital de la Biblioteca Nacional de España to describe the process of adoption of an internationalism coming from Japanese, origami (documented since 1964), which rivals in today's Spanish with the neologism papiroflexia (since 1938). Before both landed in our language in the 20th century, Spanish language had another expression hacer pájaras/ pajaritas de papel (in texts from the middle of the 18th century).

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41423 2025-07-16T09:27:15+02:00 Alejandro Junquera Martínez email@journals.phil.muni.cz José Ramón Morala Rodríguez email@journals.phil.muni.cz

Based on a selection of words referring to amulets, talismans, and relics obtained from the CorLexIn corpus, we intend to offer a characterisation and description of their morphology and uses, based mainly on lexicographical sources close to the context of the 17th century, which will also allow to analyse their treatment in this context. In addition to the lexicographical work, we propose a document-based analysis using the data provided by the academic corpus, which offers a more general view, as opposed to the vision offered by CorLexIn, which has a more specialised profile and a closer perspective to the linguistic reality of the seventeenth-century period.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41424 2025-07-16T09:27:15+02:00 Maria João Simões email@journals.phil.muni.cz

Narrators who build fictionalised interpretations of different environments and figures of Portuguese culture are presented in the works by Antonio Tabucchi Mulher de Porto Pim, Viagens e outras viagens and Racconti com figure. Based on both imagology theorisation and cosmopolitanism, various aspects of Tabucchi's fictionalisation of the images and figures he uses will be considered. Tabucchi's point of view is characterized by overlapping simultaneous belongings, already visible in his lusophilia, however, his miscegenized point of view only acquires this property because his curiosity of the other makes him a citizen of the world. Tabucchi's peculiar points of view become evident when he recreates and interprets visions of Portuguese painters and writers. An analysis will be made of the resources chosen by the author to transmit to the reader the imagetic crossroads that he felt, the purpose being to distinguish among several variations and aspects used by the author.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41425 2025-07-16T09:27:16+02:00 Barbara Staffolani email@journals.phil.muni.cz

The text Hija del camino by Lucía Asué Mbomío Rubio is articulated between fictional details and autobiographical details, experiences and places really lived by the author, but narrated as part of the life of Sandra, the protagonist of the work, with the attempt to create an identity reference not only for the author, but for a whole social group that, not having a reference in the Spanish media and cultural products, does not exist for the society. Because of all these characteristics, the text can be included within the genre of autofiction, connected from its origins to the author's identity question. The aim of this article is to propose the use of the term heteroconstruction to analyze this type of autofictions where, although the name of the author and the protagonist do not coincide, all the other characteristics of the autofictional genre can be found. For this reason, some theories of the genre of autofiction and its relationship with postmodernism are presented, the concept of heteroconstruction is developed from such theoretical framework, and this concept is used to analyze Hija del camino as an identity search and an act vindicating the existence of black Spanish people in Spain.

2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41426 2025-07-16T09:27:16+02:00 Adriana Lastičová email@journals.phil.muni.cz 2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41427 2025-07-16T09:27:17+02:00 Adriana Lastičová email@journals.phil.muni.cz 2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright © https://journals.phil.muni.cz/erb/article/view/41428 2025-07-16T09:27:17+02:00 Jan Holeš email@journals.phil.muni.cz 2025-06-30T00:00:00+02:00 Copyright ©