https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika Masarykova univerzita cs-CZ Nová rusistika 1803-4950 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/40317 Ivo Pospíšil Lenka Odehnalová Copyright © 2025-02-20 2025-02-20 17 2 5 5 10.5817/NR2024-2-1 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/40318 The article deals with the concept of "positive and wonderful human being" in the N. S. Leskov artistic creation, influenced by the writer's theological focus, relating the time of the creation of the literary production and the stage of artistic evolution and worldview of the author. It is assumed that the Leskov concept of "a positive and beautiful person" was formed in the 80's. Purposeful artistic-aesthetic aim for "a positive and beautiful" hero probably correlates with this period. In the 60's–80's the artist's aim did not consist of depicting a positive ("a positive and beautiful") / negative type but in artistic-aesthetic depiction of differential immanent features of "a Russian character". Galina Kosych Copyright © 2025-02-20 2025-02-20 17 2 7 19 10.5817/NR2024-2-2 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/40319 The article is devoted to the possibilities of improving the professional qualifications of Russian language teachers in 2019–2024 in the Czech Republic. In connection with recent events (pandemic, Russian-Ukrainian war), which have greatly affected the Czech education system as a whole, some trends in the field of advanced training of Russian language teachers are considered. More emphasis is placed on reviewing the existing offering and thematic focus of the courses. The first part of the article raises questions about changes in interest in the Russian language in a historical perspective, summarizes information about the foundation of Russian studies in individual universities, mentions organizations developing pedagogical foundations for teaching foreign languages, as well as other entities offering similar courses for Russian language teachers. The article presents available statistical data concerning the change in interest in the Russian language among primary and secondary school students. The final section lists several issues that influence changes in the organization of advanced training courses for Russian language teachers in the Czech Republic. Andrej Artemov Copyright © 2025-02-20 2025-02-20 17 2 21 36 10.5817/NR2024-2-3 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/40320 The study reflects on a contemporary Russian writer Victor Astafyev (1924–2001). Victor Astafyev's creative activity was and remains a remarkable phenomenom, especially in the literary process of the second half of the twentieth century. In the proximity of his crucial pieces of work, which are namely the following: The last Tribute (1957–1978), Shepherd and Shepherdess. A Modern Pastoral (1967–1971) and Czar-Fish (1972–1975), Viktor Astafjev published in the years 1961–1988 approximately thirty short stories, which were later on published in the book—Notches (1988). The study reflects on a contemporary Russian writer, Victor Astafyev, whose prose has not only been an important constituent part of Russian literature, but also has retained to this day its artistic power. Zdeňka Matyušová Copyright © 2025-02-20 2025-02-20 17 2 37 48 10.5817/NR2024-2-4 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/40321 The author of the present article deals with the so-called Russian cosmism, now the extremely popular phenomenon analysed in special books, anthologies, and studies all over the world, which is usually connected with the philosophy of Nikolay Fedorov and his Russian followers, writers and scientists, such as Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Vladimir Vernadsky, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, even the French neothomist Teilhard de Chardin and others. The main goal of this treatise is to manifest dominant thematic and conceptual layers of the Russian lyric poetry of the end of the 18th- and the first third of the 19th century, similar to the ideas of German romanticism (die deutsche Romantik) grasping the human life and the existence of cosmos as one whole: the cosmic space is the location the humankind came to and also the refuge which it aims at. The cataclysmic poetry by Vasily Zhukovsky, Konstantin Batyushkov, Yevgeny Boratynski, and Fyodor Tyutchev—many years before Fedorov, Vernadsky and others, formulated the basis of the future philosophy of cosmism and at the same time represents the real aesthetic top of world lyric poetry linked with the most contemporary ideas of otherness, identity and self-identity as the search for them demonstrates the genuine core of its effort. Ivo Pospíšil Copyright © 2025-02-20 2025-02-20 17 2 49 57 10.5817/NR2024-2-5 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/40322 Ivo Pospíšil Copyright © 2025-02-20 2025-02-20 17 2 59 72 10.5817/NR2024-2-6 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/40323 Volodymyr Janovyč Zvynjac'kovs'kyj Copyright © 2025-02-20 2025-02-20 17 2 73 86 10.5817/NR2024-2-7 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/40324 Ivo Pospíšil Copyright © 2025-02-20 2025-02-20 17 2 87 92 10.5817/NR2024-2-8