https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika cs-CZ nr@phil.muni.cz (Nová rusistika) journals@phil.muni.cz (Technická podpora OJS FF MU) St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 OJS 3.2.1.4 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44800 Journal Новая русистика Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44800 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44801 The methodology of literary studies constitutes a framework that enables the systematic examination of literature within its historical, aesthetic, and social contexts, while simultaneously creating space for critical reflection on one's own cognitive processes. Contemporary scholarship emphasizes the necessity of a rigorous approach to the methodological foundations of literary studies (Pospíšil, Kostincová, Cintula et al.), the importance of guiding future generations toward such an approach (Dohnal, Grominová et al.), and the value of interdisciplinarity in research (Žeňuch, Gažová et al.). These concerns, however, were already anticipated in earlier scholarly contributions — most notably those of Oldřich Richterek (as well as I. Pospíšil). The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that methodology should not be understood merely as a technical apparatus of literary studies, but rather as its constitutive element, while also foregrounding the significant scholarly contribution of Prof. PhDr. O. Richterek, CSc. Patrik Lekeš Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44801 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44802 This study proposes reading two miniature forms of children's folklore — the counting-out rhyme, a procedural genre of selection by lot, and the charm or incantation, a creative genre of fiat speech — as Bakhtinian miniatures, against their conventional relegation to the margins of folkloristic and linguistic interest. In compressed form, these small genres reflect key layers of Mikhail Bakhtin's conceptual grammar: apophatic procedure, the choral principle of sobornost, the kenotic movement of lowering, the eucharistic cycle of grain and humus, the open body, and the anamnesis of great time. Drawing on Czech folkloristics [WENIG 1935; ERBEN 1864; SIROVÁTKA 1982], English material [OPIE, OPIE 1959, 1985], and Russian scholarship [VINOGRADOV 1924, 1930], the study shows that both forms are living instances of what Bakhtin described theoretically in Rabelais and His World and Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics. It proposes the hermeneutic figure of the counting-out rhyme and the incantation as "kenotaphs" of archaic magic. The rhythm of the choosing formula is interpreted as apophatic elimination; the circle of players as a childlike form of the choral sobornost; and the fiat formulas of the charm — "Turn out well for me, little mud pie"; "Sun, move along a little"; "Ladybird, fly to heaven" — as creative performatives marked by a double ontological literacy. The central argument reverses the familiar cliché of childish naïveté and adult sophistication. The child who utters an incantation possesses a sophisticated ontology of the speech act: the child knows how to distinguish ritual validity from empirical effectiveness. By contrast, the politician discussed in our follow-up study, who names the political theft of carnival, succumbs to the illusion that utterance itself has cosmic efficacy. The study forms part of our broader Bakhtinian project, whose central monograph, The Last Witness of the Silver Age [forthcoming], reconstructs Bakhtin's work as a cryptographic record of the vanished Russian Silver Age. Libor Pavera Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44802 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44803 The study is dedicated to the memoir of a significant Czech specialist in Russian studies, Professor Oldřich Richterek, called Pěšiny a cesty (Engl. The Paths and Roads, 2015), which is interpreted from the perspective of its specific genre and thematic features, its composition and forms of authorial self-reflection. The aim of the study is to use a comparative method to identify the common and differing traits in relation to selected works by Czech specialists in Russian studies (M. Hrala, F. Kautman, R. Parolek, I. Pospíšil) and, at the same time, to determine the place of Richterek's text within the autobiographical writing of the above-mentioned authors, which presents an important but hitherto insufficiently reflected source on the individual professional trajectories that contributed to the formation of Russian studies in connection with the historical events of the 20th and early 21st century. This type of autobiographical literature contributes to the understanding of the authors' professional orientations and maps the development of Russian studies in the Czech environment. Lenka Odehnalová Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44803 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44804 The author of the present reflection characterizes the personality and work of the Czech specialist in Russian studies, literary scholar Oldřich Richterek (1940–2026) as a supporter of calm analysis, dialogue and tolerance of opinions. He deals not with his core works, which concern the translation, reception and interpretation of the work of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov and generally with the dialogue of cultures, cultural transgression and literary transfer, the translation and reception of Russian literature in the Czech environment, but with the two texts, one of which analyzes the theme of war in Sergei Yesenin's narrative poem Anna Snegina, and the other is a didactic propaedeutics of literary studies for Czech students of Russian literature. The author points to shifts in emphasis in Richterek's view of Yesenin and the roots of his methodology, as well as the preferences in the interpretation of methods of literary studies, versology and Czech-Russian literary relations. Ivo Pospíšil Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44804 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44805 This paper examines the portrayal of the main character in post-apocalyptic fiction. Such works portray complex and ambiguous heroes whose actions and reflections mirror the altered worldview after a catastrophe. The post-apocalyptic genre is characterized by placing characters in extreme conditions where familiar social norms have collapsed, the threat to life is constant, and moral dilemmas become the foundation for forming new behavioral models. The post-apocalyptic hero must develop a new system of values, as all previously accepted rules and guidelines are lost. Analyzing this character allows us to trace the transformation of the individual's personality in critical circumstances, as well as to understand the potential changes in the moral fabric of society as a whole. This paper analyzes the images of the main characters in two Russian post-apocalyptic novels, Yana Vagner's Vongozero and Dmitry Glukhovsky's Post, focusing on their moral transformation and psychological conflict in a post-apocalyptic world. Anastasija Aref'jeva Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44805 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44806 The plots of several of Vasily Pavlovich Aksenov's novels are set in an environment based on real historical events and connected to historical figures. In his works, the author often presents a unique "unfolding of history", including an "explanation" of events through other facts, characters, and documents — which have been supplemented and given a different ideological and artistic interpretation — that supposedly remained hidden from the eyes of serious historians. This is how the intricate interplay manifests itself in the development of the "historical" framework of the plotlines in his novels The Island of Crimea, The Voltaireans, Moscow Kva-Kva, and others. The new myth-making present here — both in a retrospective and a futuristic sense — brings a fresh perspective on the philosophy of history to the author's writings and draws the reader into reflections on Russia's past and future. The development of the fictional world in Aksenov's pseudo-history is striking for the relevance of the themes it addresses — both general ones (man and power, the boundaries between myth and history, fantasy and reality) and specific ones (the legacy of Catherine II, the history of Crimea, and the Russian Civil War) — which attests to the enduring nature of his work. Andrej Viktorovič Artemov Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44806 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44807 This paper presents a project for the first educational encyclopedia on the syntax of the Russian language. The proposed reference work, which could be implemented using wiki technology, aims to unify and systematize scientific knowledge about Russian syntax. It is designed to adhere to the principles of scientific rigor, systematicity, clarity, and accessibility, targeting philology students and pupils in specialized secondary school classes. The project substantiates the relevance of the encyclopedia, proposes its concept, considers the issue of its source base, defines the thematic groups of articles, their structure and content, and provides sample articles and a headword list (493 entries). German Igorevič Mejster Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44807 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44808 This article examines wartime internet memes in Ukrainian and pro-Russian media discourse, focusing on their functions, semantics, and communicative roles in digital environments after the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of widely circulated and recognizable meme units, selected from social media and online communication. The paper distinguishes between internet memes, precedent utterances, and memetic formulas, defining the latter as reproducible textual patterns that function as condensed carriers of meaning. The analysis demonstrates that memes in the pro-Russian discourse tend to reproduce stable interpretative models and serve as tools of argumentation and legitimization, whereas Ukrainian memes are characterized by higher variability, creative transformation, and orientation toward symbolic resistance and collective identity formation. The findings suggest that wartime memes function not only as elements of digital culture but also as significant instruments of meaning-making, emotional expression, and discursive construction of social reality. Polina Olegovna Michalkova Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44808 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44809 This text focuses on the Russian Czech studies scholar Ljudmila Budagova and analyses her contributions to Czech and international literary studies. It combines biographical details with an examination of her scholarly work and situates her within the broader context of Czech-Russian cultural relations. Particular attention is paid to her long-standing promotion of Czech literature, her research on modernism and the avant-garde, and her ability to overcome ideological barriers. A significant part of the text is devoted to an interpretation of her memoir monograph From My Life with Czech Literature (2021), which is understood as a synthesis of personal and professional experience and as a testimony to the reception of Czech literature from both external and internal perspectives. The text also reflects on the broader issue of international literary relations, particularly the tension between the "familiar" and the "foreign", and emphasizes the importance of a dialogical and non-ideological approach to literary studies. Lukáš Jiskra Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44809 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44810 Ivo Pospíšil Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44810 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44811 Jindřich Kesner Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44811 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44812 Lenka Odehnalová Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44812 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44813 Jana Kostincová Copyright © https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.cs https://journals.phil.muni.cz/novaya-rusistika/article/view/44813 St, 15 čec 2026 00:00:00 +0200