Štruktúry typu schola v Pompejách – symbol a ukážka moci príslušníkov pompejskej aristokracie na príklade štruktúr určených na odpočinok

Roč.25,č.2(2020)

Abstrakt
Predložený článok bude pojednávať o polkruhovitých štruktúrach typu schola, ktoré sa nachádzali v tesnej blízkosti brán na mestských nekropolách v Pompejách a ich funkcia bola určená primárne na odpočinok v rámci funerálneho priestoru. Datovanie schol spadá na prelom letopočtu do obdobia tzv. raného principátu. Predlohu týchto štruktúr je možné nájsť v oblasti východného Stredomoria už v období helenizmu, ktoré sú známe ako exedry. Pozornosť bude venovaná najmä osobám, ktorým boli zmienené scholy dedikované alebo sa o ich výstavbu pričinili. Nahliadnuté bude na ich život, kultúrny pôvod, spoločenské postavenie a úradné či kňazské funkcie v rámci mesta na základe dochovaných archeologických a epigrafických dokladov. V spojitosti s exedrami vo východnom Stredomorí budú rámcovo popísané vybrané príklady na základe ich funkčného alebo topografického zaradenia.

Klíčová slova:
schola; Pompeje; raný principát; exedra; Helénizmus; východné Stredomorie

Stránky:
5–34
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