Three conceptualisations of inforg: from the entity concept to the distributed model
Vol.16,No.1(2024)
Purpose – This study aims to analyze the different ways of conceptualizing Floridi’s concept of inforg concerning the applicability of this concept in information science and the philosophy of information.
Design / methodology / approach – The study uses a theoretical analysis of the background and implications of three different conceptualizations of the inforg phenomenon and examines them theoretically.
Results – The first two approaches are based on Floridi and refer to the inforg as an entity and the inforg as an information organism. The study shows that Floridi’s conception of the inforg needs to be more consistent and complimented. The third conception, the inforg as a distributed dynamic actor in a network, attempts to remove some of the limitations of the previous conceptions, offering its original conception in which the inforg is a dynamic distributed structure that is temporally and situationally variable depending on the specific forms and goals of information interactions.
Originality / value – The third approach we propose allows inforg to be used in the new concepts of authorship, citation ethics, and information retrieval or to describe sociotechnical systems, especially in emerging systems with generative artificial intelligence.
inforg; infosphere; modernity; ethics; artificial intelligence; postmodernity; Floridi; Latour
Michal Černý
Katedra informačních studií a knihovnictví, Filozofická fakulta, Masarykova univerzita
Michal Černý působí jako odborný asistent a výzkumník na Katedře informačních studií a knihovnictví na FF MU v Brně. Vystudoval učitelství fyziky, informatiky a teologické nauky, doktorát obdržel za práci Proměna filozofie edukace v infosférické době ze sociální pedagogiky. Ve své práci se soustředí na vztah filosofie informace a filosofie výchovy, technologie ve vzdělávání a učící se společnost. Je autorem řady knih a výzkumných článků. Od roku 2023 je zástupcem vedoucího katedry.
Adee, S. (2023). We are electric: Inside the 200-year hunt for our body’s bioelectric code, and what the future holds (First edition). Hachette Books.
Albayrak, N., Özdemir, A., & Zeydan, E. (2018). An overview of artificial intelligence based chatbots and an example chatbot application. 2018 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU, 1–4.
Appelbaum, S. H. (1997). Socio‐technical systems theory: An intervention strategy for organizational development. Management Decision, 35(6), 452–463. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749710173823
Bagde, H., Dhopte, A., Alam, M. K., & Basri, R. (2023). A systematic review and meta-analysis on ChatGPT and its utilization in medical and dental research. Heliyon, 9(12), e23050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23050
Baidoo-Anu, D., & Owusu Ansah, L. (2023). Education in the era of generative artificial intelligence (AI): Understanding the potential benefits of ChatGPT in promoting teaching and learning.
Bankins, S., & Formosa, P. (2023). The Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) For Meaningful Work. Journal of Business Ethics, 185(4), 725–740. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-023-05339-7
Bannon, L. J. (2005). A human-centred perspective on interaction design. In A. Pirhonen, P. Saariluoma, H. Isomäki, & C. Roast (Ed.), Future Interaction Design (s. 31–51). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-84628-089-3_3
Bauman, Z. (2005). Education in liquid modernity. The Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies, 27(4), 303–317. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714410500338873
Bauman, Z. (2013). Liquid modernity. John Wiley & Sons.
Bawden, D., & Robinson, L. (2022). Domain Analysis. In Introduction to Information Science (s. 113–132). Facet.
Bělohradský, V. (2021). Čas pléthokracie: Když části jsou větší než celky a světový duch spadl z koně (1., Roč. 2021). Nakladatelství 65. pole.
Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. (1967). The social construction of reality. Anchor Books.
Bridle, J. (2018). New dark age: Technology and the end of the future. Verso Books.
Clark, A., & Chalmers, D. (1998). The extended mind. Analysis, 58(1), 7–19.
Coeckelbergh, M., & Gunkel, D. J. (2023). ChatGPT: deconstructing the debate and moving it forward. AI & SOCIETY.
Černý, M. (2023). Informační gramotnost. Grada.
Damasio, A. (2018). The strange order of things: Life, feeling, and the making of cultures. Vintage.
Damasio, A. R. (1994). Descartes’ error: Emotion, reason, and the human brain. Putnam.
Dewey, J. (2001). The educational situation: As concerns the elementary school. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 33(4), 387–403.
Di Dio, C., Ardizzi, M., Schieppati, S. V., Massaro, D., Gilli, G., Gallese, V., & Marchetti, A. (2023). Art made by artificial intelligence: The effect of authorship on aesthetic judgments. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, No Pagination Specified-No Pagination Specified. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000602
Dorrien, G. (2009). Social Ethics in the Making: Interpreting an American Tradition (Roč. 2009). John Wiley & Sons.
Drobíková, B., Římanová, R., Souček, J., & Souček, M. (2018). Teoretická východiska informační vědy—Karolinum. Karolinum.
Floridi, L. (2010). Information: A very short introduction. Oxford University Press.
Floridi, L. (2013a). The Ethics of Information. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199641321.001.0001
Floridi, L. (2013b). The philosophy of information. Oxford University Press.
Floridi, L. (2014). The fourth revolution: How the infosphere is reshaping human reality. Oxford University Press.
Floridi, L. (2019). The logic of information: A theory of philosophy as conceptual design. Oxford University Press.
Floridi, L. eds (Ed.). (2015). The Onlife Manifesto: Being Human in a Hyperconnected Era. Springer.
French, R. M. (2000). The Turing Test: The first 50 years. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(3), 115–122.
Fui-Hoon Nah, F., Zheng, R., Cai, J., Siau, K., & Chen, L. (2023). Generative AI and ChatGPT: Applications, challenges, and AI-human collaboration. Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research, 25(3), 277–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228053.2023.2233814
Guimarães, N. S., Joviano-Santos, J. V., Reis, M. G., Chaves, R. R. M., & Observatory of Epidemiology, N., Health Research (OPENS). (2024). Development of search strategies for systematic reviews in health using ChatGPT: A critical analysis. Journal of Translational Medicine, 22(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04371-5
Haider, J., & Bawden, D. (2007). Conceptions of “information poverty” in LIS: a discourse analysis. Journal of Documentation, 63(4), 534–557. https://doi.org/10.1108/00220410710759002
Hamida, K. B. (2016). Cyborg vs Inforg: Quel modèle d’évolution humaine dans la société de l’information ? Societes, 131(1), 87–95.
Hejdánek, L. (1997). Nepředmětnost v myšlení a ve skutečnosti. Oikoymenh.
Hjørland, B., & Albrechtsen, H. (1995). Toward a new horizon in information science: Domain-analysis. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 46(6), 400–425. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4571(199507)46:6<400::AID-ASI2>3.0.CO;2-Y
Chatman, E. A., & Pendleton, V. E. (1995). Knowledge gap, information-seeking and the poor. The Reference Librarian,23(49–50), 135–145.
Johnson, M. (2006). Mind incarnate: From Dewey to Damasio. Daedalus, 135(3), 46–54.
Johnson, M. (2007). The Meaning of the Body: Aesthetics of Human Understanding. University of Chicago Press.
Johnson, M. (2017). Embodied Mind, Meaning, and Reason. University of Chicago Press.
Kahneman, D. (2012). Myšlení, rychlé a pomalé. Jan Melvil Publishing.
King, M. R. & chatGPT. (2023). A Conversation on Artificial Intelligence, Chatbots, and Plagiarism in Higher Education. Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering, 16(1), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12195-022-00754-8
Kuhn, T. S. (1996). The structure of scientific revolutions (3rd ed). University of Chicago Press.
Lakoff, G. (2008). Women, fire, and dangerous things: What categories reveal about the mind. University of Chicago press.
Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1999). Philosophy in the flesh: The embodied mind and its challenge to Western thought(Nachdr.). Basic Books.
Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (2003). Metaphors we live by. The university of Chicago press.
Latour, B. (1993). We have never been modern. Harvard University Press.
Latour, B. (1996). On actor-network theory: A few clarifications (s. 369–381).
Latour, B. (2020). Zpátky na zem: Jak se vyznat v politice Nového klimatického režimu (1., Roč. 2020). Neklid.
Latour, B., & Rose, J. (2021). After lockdown: A metamorphosis. Polity Press.
Lloyd, A. (2010). Framing information literacy as information practice: Site ontology and practice theory. Journal of Documentation, 66(2), 245–258. https://doi.org/10.1108/00220411011023643
Lloyd, A. (2021). The qualitative landscape of information literacy research: Perspectives, methods and techniques. Facet Publishing.
Murphy, P. (b.r.). Writers and Writers of Writers: Creativity and Authorship in the First AI Novel by Paula Murphy, Kritikos, Vol. 19, Fall/Winter 2022/2023. Krikos: an international and interdisciplinary journal of postmodern cultural sound, text and image, 2022/2023(19). Získáno 9. únor 2024, z https://intertheory.org/paulamurphy.htm
Palouš, R. (2008). Heretická škola: O filosofii výchovy ve světověku a Patočkově pedagogice čili filipika proti upadlé škole. Oikoymenh.
Pavlik, J. V. (2023). Collaborating with ChatGPT: Considering the implications of generative artificial intelligence for journalism and media education. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 78(1), 84–93.
Pinar Saygin, A., Cicekli, I., & Akman, V. (2000). Turing Test: 50 Years Later. Minds and Machines, 10(4), 463–518. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011288000451
Rupert, R. D. (2010). Cognitive systems and the extended mind (1. issued as an Oxford Univ. Press paperback). Oxford Univ. Press.
Satija, M. P., & Martínez-Ávila, D. (2019). Plagiarism: An Essay in Terminology. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 39(2). https://doi.org/10.14429/djlit.39.2.13937
Siemens, G. (2017). Connectivism. Foundations of Learning and Instructional Design Technology. https://lidtfoundations.pressbooks.com/chapter/connectivism-a
Šíp, R. (2019). Proč školství a jeho aktéři selhávají: Kognitivní krajiny a nacionalismus. Masarykova univerzita.
Šmardová, J. (2021). Co nás učí nádory: Paralely v chování buněk a lidí (Vydání první). Masarykova univerzita.
Walker, G. H., Stanton, N. A., Salmon, P. M., & Jenkins, D. P. (2008). A review of sociotechnical systems theory: A classic concept for new command and control paradigms. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 9(6), 479–499. https://doi.org/10.1080/14639220701635470
Wang, D., Churchill, E., Maes, P., Fan, X., Shneiderman, B., Shi, Y., & Wang, Q. (2020). From Human-Human Collaboration to Human-AI Collaboration: Designing AI Systems That Can Work Together with People. Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1145/3334480.3381069
Zibner, J. (2022). Umělá inteligence jako technologická výzva autorskému právu. Wolters Kluwer.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2024 Michal Černý