Kluků je škoda, holky na to nemají: genderové aspekty v hodnocení nejslabších žáků třídy

Roč.23,č.1(2018)
Studia paedagogica

Abstrakt
Předložená studie se zabývá prospěchově nejslabšími žáky třídy a mírou jejich participace na výukové komunikaci. Jejím cílem je z jistit, jak učitelka vnímá a hodnotí tyto žáky a zda její hodnocení koresponduje se zapojením žáků do komunikace. K odhalení hodnoticího úsudku byla využita metoda opakovaných polostrukturovaných rozhovorů s učitelkou druhého stupně základní školy. Podoba a frekvence interakcí mezi učitelkou a žáky byla z jišťována strukturovaným pozorováním vyučovacích hodin. Hlavním výsledkem případové studie je z jištění, že učitelka jednak vnímá skupinu s nejslabším prospěchem genderově diferencovaně a jednak se tito žáci diferencovaným z působem projevují v komunikaci. Chlapci jsou ve výuce aktivní a učitelkou jsou označováni jako zvláštní, ve vleku obtížných rodinných situací, které zapříčiňují jejich slabý školní výkon. Naopak dívky jsou komunikačně pasivnější a zároveň jsou učitelkou vnímány jako tiché a hodné, ale bez akademických schopností a bez potenciálu ke zlepšení.

Klíčová slova:
prospěch; hodnoticí úsudek učitele; gender; výuková komunikace; diferencované jednání učitele
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